Global Research & Publishing Database (GRPD) is committed to maintaining academic integrity and ensuring that all published research meets the highest standards of originality, honesty, and ethical conduct. GRPD considers plagiarism and other forms of academic misconduct as serious violations of publication ethics.

All submitted manuscripts must represent original work of the authors and must properly acknowledge the ideas, words, data, and contributions of others through appropriate citations and references.

1. Definition of Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the use of another person's work, ideas, words, data, images, or intellectual contributions without proper acknowledgment or citation.

Plagiarism may occur in various forms, including:

• Direct Plagiarism: Copying text, sentences, paragraphs, or sections from another source without proper quotation and citation.
• Mosaic Plagiarism: Combining copied phrases, ideas, or structures from multiple sources without appropriate acknowledgment.
• Self-Plagiarism: Reusing substantial portions of an author's previously published work without proper disclosure or permission.
• Idea or Data Plagiarism: Using another researcher's ideas, methods, data, results, or interpretations without appropriate credit.
• Image and Figure Plagiarism: Using copyrighted images, figures, tables, or visual materials without permission or citation.

2. Originality Requirements

Authors submitting manuscripts to GRPD must confirm that:

• The submitted manuscript is original and has not been published previously.
• The manuscript is not under review by another journal.
• All sources and previous works have been properly cited.
• Any reused material has appropriate permission and acknowledgment.
• The research findings have not been duplicated or falsely presented.

3. Plagiarism Screening

GRPD may use appropriate plagiarism detection tools and editorial assessment methods to evaluate the originality of submitted manuscripts.

Plagiarism screening may be conducted:

• During the initial editorial evaluation.
• During the peer review process.
• Before final publication.
• After publication if concerns are reported.

4. Similarity Assessment

Similarity reports are used as a supporting tool to help editors evaluate originality. A similarity score alone does not determine whether plagiarism has occurred; the context, source of similarity, and proper citation practices are also considered.

Authors may be requested to revise manuscripts containing inappropriate similarities, provide clarification, or properly acknowledge sources.

5. Actions Against Plagiarism

If plagiarism or significant academic misconduct is identified, GRPD may take appropriate action, including:

• Requesting correction or revision of the manuscript.
• Rejecting the manuscript before publication.
• Removing an article from the publication process.
• Issuing a correction, expression of concern, or retraction after publication.
• Restricting future submissions from authors involved in serious misconduct.

6. Author Responsibility

Authors are responsible for ensuring the originality and ethical integrity of their submitted work.

Authors should:

• Use proper citation and referencing practices.
• Obtain permission for copyrighted materials when required.
• Clearly identify previously published content.
• Provide accurate information about research contributions.

7. Editorial Responsibility

Editors and reviewers are responsible for maintaining confidentiality and identifying potential concerns related to plagiarism or research misconduct during the evaluation process.

GRPD editors will handle plagiarism concerns fairly, confidentially, and according to established publication ethics standards.

8. Post-Publication Plagiarism Concerns

If plagiarism is discovered after publication, GRPD will investigate the concern carefully. Depending on the severity of the issue, appropriate actions may include publication correction, expression of concern, or article retraction.

By submitting a manuscript to GRPD, authors confirm that their work is original, properly cited, and complies with GRPD's Plagiarism Policy and ethical publishing standards.